Electric motor



De@ 18, 1945- J. c. BRYAN I *Y 2,391,005V

ELEGTRICMOTOR Filed July 1, 1941 2 sheets-sheet v1 H 8a F' '5C l 4 L .l @je .fcf ak/Q gat-e2 Dec. 18, 1945. J. c. BRYAN .ELECTRIC MOTOR Filed July 1, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY.

Pnented Dee. 1s, 194s UNITED STATES PATENTl OFFICE I mc''lcoxrsoron ,John 0.1mm, La canada, cam.

Application July 1, 1941, Serial No. 400,597

(c1. riz-ss) l2 Claims.

My inventionv relates to electric motors of the attraction type and ofthe type that has no field winding as distinguished from the conventional type of motor and the object/s of my invention are:

First, to provide an electric motor which provides an exceptionally high torque relatively to the conventionally field wound `magnetic ltype motor;

Second, to provide an electric motor which provides exceptionally high torque relatively to the conventionally field wound magnetic type motor of equivalent bulk, particularly at low speed;

Third, to provide an electric motor of this class which operates relatively eiliciently at low speed;

Fourth, to provide an electric motor of this type whichprovides a relatively high starting torque;

Fifth, to provide an electric motor of this class which is so constructed and Aarranged that various speed specifications may be attained without a Aclass which has a slender magnetic path, thus reducing the eddy currents and therefore itis not necessary to be particular in the selection of l construction materials? Tenth, to provide an electric motor of this class which eliminates the field windings;

Eleventh, to provide an electric motor of this class in which units may be easily added to or takenfrom to provide for various purposes for which the motor is to be used;

Twelfth, to provide an electric motor of this class in which a condenser may be used en'ectively and to distinct advantage in operation;

Thirteenth, tovprovide an electric motor of this vclass with quick acting reversing characteristics resulting from its high starting torque and consequent braking eiiect; and

Fourteenth, to provide an electric motor f this class that may be brought to, a stop under load and electrically 1ocked against further movement without injury to the motor;

With these 'and other objects in view as willy appear-hereinafter. my invention consists of certain novel features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts and portions as will be hereinafter describedv in detail and particularly set forth in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the characters of reference thereof which form a part of this application in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevational view of my electric motor; Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken from the line 2-2 of Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional /view taken from the line 3 3 of Fig. l; Fig. 4 is an end view of my electric motor; Fig. 5 is an end view of my electric motor showing the opposite end thereof from that as shown in Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view taken from the line 6-6 of Fig. 4; Fig. 7 is a fragmentary longitudixial sectional view taken from the line 1-1 of Fig. 5; Fig. 8 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view taken from the line 8-8 of Fig. 4; Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view of the wiring of my electric motor, and Fig. 10 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the rotor.

Similar characters of reference refer to similar parts and portions throughout the several views oi the drawings:

The main frame I, casing 2, motor shaft members 3 and'l, segments 5, segment supporting shaft members 8, solenoid coils 1, contact member supporting plate 8, contact members 9, contact brushes Iiland Il, condenser brush I2, condenser !3, electrical connection members I4 and i5, electrical vconductor plate |6,. shaft bearing member I1 and the bearing lock nut I8 constitute the principal parts and portions of my electric motor.

The main frame I is substantially cylindrical in form and is hollow, as shown best in Fig. 2 of the drawings, for encasing the rotor mechanism of my electric motor. This main frame i is provided with spaced field strips ia, as shown best in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings. These" spaced field strips la are helically disposed in relation with the longitudinal axis of my electric motor, as shown best in Fig. l of the drawings. The open spaces intermediate the field strips la and the helical disposition of these field strips la provides for circulation of air about the rotor mechanism of my electric motor whereby a cool running condition of my electric motor is maintainedat all times.

The main frame l is provided with a straight open end portion Ib at its one end and a partially enclosed end portion Ic at its other end, as shown' best in Figs. .1 and 5, respectively. Screw threaded in the partially enclosed end por- Mmmm mmmm mm am mwmmnmwm www tam i rues n u n.. y mwmmmmwmmm www Mmmm mm; s www@ m Hamm, mmmm mmmmwmmmmmwmmmw Mmmmmmmm mwmwww mmmm m mmmmmmmmmm mwmmmmm mmmmmmwmmmmmmmwww m mmmmmmmwmmmmmmmm mmmwmmmwxmmMmmmmm mmmwmmmmmmwmmwwmmwmmm mmmmmmwwmmm www www@ m mdmwxm u wmmm? mmwm WE m m Mmmm @mmmmdmmrmkgnu Hmmm Ww N mmmmmmmfmmm www ummm in. m mmmmwmmwmmmmnmmmwmmmw wm www .mmlmmmm mm. um d m am n M .mwmnmxsmmmmmrrw mm ,mm www... .ummm m i m mmmm m, mmm m mmmmmwm.mmm.. mmmm mmmmmmmmmmmmm fz, ea o r i n r e emwl yn m Mmmmmmmm wmmmmwmmmm www? ...wwmmmmm m um@ um Mm mmmmdmmwm .www mm mmmmwm mmmmmmmmmm mmwmmmwmmmmm mwww Mwww mmmux mb. m M www mmmmmmwmwx .Mmmdvmmm mmmm m. mwmm may@ www m mm m wh wmm@ m wwwM wmmmmmmm mmmmmmmmmmmmwmmmmwmw w @www mu nmwhmmmwmummvmm.mmmwmy www? n .ma ...m m Mmmm pmmmmmpmmmm m umm? op mm im a mwmmwwmmmmm m m. mMmmmnmmmmmmm5.mmmmmmmmmmwmmmwmm mmm m m mmvmmv m www@ mmmmmmmmmmmwM mmmmmmm m t .mi num meme ...n tbm. New dec ucm wwwmmmwmmmwwwm www1 mmmmmmmmmmmmw www m www Mmmm m m m mmmummmmmmmm b mmmmmnf 2 2 ot the drawings and the segment 3b is arranged in stepped relation therewith and'is narrower, while the segment portion Ia is narrower than the segment portion 3b at its adjacent extending end portions relatively with the segment portions 5b and 5c. Each of these segments I is provided with fourfradially extending portions which is graduated in form by thel segment portions la, lb and 3c, all as shown best in Fig. 2 of the drawings. It will be here noted that each of the segments I is provided with a relatively large internal opening 5e providing a space outwardly of each of the segment supporting shaft members i for'the disposition of electric wires in connection with the solenoid coils 1. The solenoid coils 1 are annular coils of wire and are positioned intermediate the segments 5, as shown best in Fig. 7 of the drawings. Positioned intermediate .the solenoid coils 1 and the segments at opposite sides thereof are insulation plates 1f as shown best in Fig. 7 of the drawings. The solenoid coils I are each in electrical connection with the sesment supporting shaft members 6 at one end and with the electric contacts 3 at the other end.

The contact members 3 are rigidly connected with the contact member supporting plate 3.

This contact supporting plate 3 is an 'annular flat plate-like member made of electrical insulation material and is secured in connection with the motor shaft 3 and the segments 5, as shown best in Fig. 6 of the drawings. This contact member supporting plate 8 is provided with an annular band-like member la which is made of insulation material and interconnects said contact member supportingplate 3 and the segments 5 at the one end of the segment supporting shaft members 6, as shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings. The contact members 3 are disposed on the contact member supporting plate 3 and secured thereon in an annular row, as shown best in Fig. 3 of the drawings. The contact members 3 are made of metal or other suitable electrical conducting material and are secured in ilush relation with one side of the contact member supporting plate 8, `as shown best in Fig. 6 of the drawings.

Electrically connected w these contact members 3 are .electrical conductor wires. as shown best in Fig. 6' and in the diagrammatic view of the wiring in Fig. 9 of the drawings. These electrical conductor wires in connection with the contacts 3 are connected with the solenoid coils 1.

.As shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, the contact brushes l0 and Il aredisposed at substantially 90 to each other in relation with the axis of .the motor shaft member 3. The contact brushes I0 and II are so pomtioned within the casing 2 relatively with the condenser brush I2 that the condenser brush I2 makes direct, contact with one of the contacts 3 while the contact brushes I0 and Il are positioned in slight spaced relation from the edges of the contacts 9, adjacent said brushes III and II, all as shown 'best in Fig. 3 o1' the-drawings.

vious that each of the-four coils 1 receive four -eld strips la of the main frame I.

electrical impuses through the contacts 3 during one revolution of the rotating mechanism of my electric motor. As the annular row of contacts 3 revolve in relation with the contact brushes It and il, the coils 1a, 1b, 1c andA 1d are consecu tively energized causing magnetic ux to be set up in the segments 5 as shown in Fig. 'I at op posite sides of each of these coils 1a, 1b, 1c and 1d as shown best in Fig. 10. This magnetic flux urges the radially extending portions of the segments 5 as shown in Figs'. 1 and 10 toward the 'Ihe main frame I is provided with four spaced eld strips Ia, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings and these four field strips l a cooperate with the four radially extending portions of each of the segments 5 when the segments 5 are energized by the coil 1.

It will be here noted that the extending segment portions of the segments at opposite sides of each4 of the coils 1 are in angularly offset relation to each other to correspond to the helical angle of each of the field strips la for conforming operative relation therewith. Each of the coils 1 energizes a pair of segments 5. The extending portions of the pairs of segments 5 are substantially parallel with the axis of my electric motor whereby adjacent pairs of segments are consecutivelyenergized by the coil 'I in conforming relation with the helical angle of theeld strips Ia. -The I coils 1 are each consecutively energized one after the other ,four times with each revolution of the rotating mechanism of my electric motor as follows:

As shown in Fig. 9 of the drawings, the contact brushes lli and II operate as one and are arranged to provide eillcient dual contacts in a common circuit Ito each other.

The contact brushes I0 and Il are electrically connected to the electrical connection member I4 by means of the electrical conductor plate I6. The condenser I3 is also electrically connected to the electrical conductor plate I 6 by the wire conductor |3a. In connection with the condenser I3 in opposed relation with the wire conductor i3d is ,the wire conductor I3b. This wire conductor I3b is connected with the condenser brush I2.

The contacts 9b, 9f, 9m and 91 are all electrically connected together-with the coil 1a. The contact 9c, 9g, Sn and 9s are all electrically connected together and with the coil 1b. The contacts 9d, 9h, 9p and St are all electrically connected together and with the coil 1c. 'Ihe contacts 9a, 9e, 3k and Sq are all electrically connected together and with the coil 1d. As the contact member supporting plate 8 rotates relatively with the contact brushes I0 and II and the condenser brush I2, the contacts aconsecutively engage the same.

Assuming that the contact brushes I0 and Il engage the contacts 9b and 3r respectively, the

current passing through the electrical connection member I4 and the electrical conductor plate I6 is transmitted to the coil 1a through the conductor 1e and 1a. The circuit is completed through the coil 1a andthe segment supporting shaft members 0 in connection with the motor shaft-3 and the brush I 3c which is in electrical connection with the electrical connection memberl.

Itwill be here noted that the electrical connection members Il and II connect with the conventional power line lead wires or conductors.

As the contact brushes I0 and Il are passed by the contacts 0b and lr, the contact is broken settingupanmdadmmentmtheccu 1a which is transmitted to the condenser Il by the wire IIb in connection with the condenser brush l! the next oncoming contacts Ic and la with increased energization of the coil '1b in connection therewith,

.'Ihe relative .arrangement of the condenser ybrush i2 with the contact I0 and Il is such that the condenser brush I2 engages one of four connected contacts 9, while the contact brushes Il and Il break contact with two of said four connected contacts, 'whereby the condenser brush i2 receives the induced current set up by the contact brushes IU and H when they break contact with the contacts 9. Therefore, as each contact is broken, induced current is collected by the condenser brush I2 and transmitted to the con denser I3 from which induced current is utilized by the contact brushes I l and il in relation with the consecutive passage of the contacts 9 past the contact brushes I and Il.

It will be noted that there is continuous progress from one of the coils 1 to the next for consecutively energizing the segments which are magnetically urged toward the field strips la causing rotation of the of my electric motor.

The amount of rotation of the rotating mech-` anism for eachcycleof consecutive energization rotating mechanism of the coil'l is ninety per cent with respect to the outer ileld strips I a. y

When the contact brushes ill and Il engage any one of the contacts 9h, if, 9m or Sr, the coil 1g will be energized. It is therefore obvious that this coil 'la will be' energized four'times at each revolution of the contact member supporting plate l relatively with the contact brushes ill and il. When the contactbrushes i0 andli engage any one oi the contacts 9c, 8a, Bf or 0s, the coil 1b will be energized. It will be noted that each oi' the coils 1d, 1b, 1c and ld is connected with Llnanelectrlemotoroftheclassdeseribed.'

a plurality of spaced helically disposed neldmem;

bers and a plurality of variously arranged segt ments provided with portions extending into close proximity with said neld members, a plurality of solenoids in electro-magnetic relation with said fleldmembersandsaidsegznents,thewindingof a plurality of spaced 'helically disposed field members and a plurality of variously arranged segi ments provided with portions extending into close proximity with said ileld members, a plurality oi.' solenoids in electro-magnetic relation with said .said motor, and a commutator in operative rela'- tion with saidsolenoids and ments.

3. In an electric motor of the vclass described. a plurality of spaced helically disposed field members, a plurality of variously arranged segments provided with portions extending into close proximity with said field members, a plurality oi' solenoids in electro-magnetic relation with said neld members and said segments, the winding of said solenoids being concentric with the axis of said motor, a commutator in operative relation with said solenoids and segments, and a contact brush supported by said field members in cooperative relation withthe contact of said commutator.

4. In an electric motor of the class described,

a plurality of spaced helically disposed fleid mein solenoids in electro-magnetic relation with said the segment supporting. shaft member 8 in elec- Y trical connection with the shaft member l which is engaged by the brush lic in electrical connection with the electrical connection member II.'

The opposite ends of each of the coils 1 -from the segment supporting shaft members I are s ep-` arately connected to four of the contacts l which l l A are arranged in cooperative relation with the i'our radiallyextending portions of each of the segments 5 together-with the four eld strips ia of themain frame I. l A

It will vbe here noted that the operating principle of my electric motor would not be altered if a greater or lesser number of segments and coils the same. y

Though I have shown and described a particular construction, combination and arrangey tion and arrangement, but desire to include in the Ascope of my invention the construction, combination andarrangement substantiallyas set forth in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I jclaimasnewanddesireto'secmebyliewers Patentis:

. or iield strips were used in the construction of neld members and said segments, the winding of 't said solenoids being concentric with the axis of Asaid. motor, a commutator in operative relation with said solenoids and segments, a contact brmh supported by said field members in cooperative relation with the contact of said eommutator and meansforadjustingthepositionofsaidbrush relative to the contact of said commutator.

v5. In an electric motor ofthe class described, a'

' posed ileld members surrounding said shaft, a

plurality 'of solenoids surrounding said shaft. and a plurality of segments positioned in spaced re1a. tion relatively to said iield members and relal tively to each other. one segment positioned on each opposite side of each of said solenoids.

. 7. In anl electric motor of the class described,

an armature including umts of solenoids cylindrically wound concentric with the longitudinal axis ofthe motor, segment members positioned radiallyaroundsaidshaftwithrespecttoeach other so that they are periodically attracted rotationallyandhelically disposed field membersin closeproximitytotheperipheryofsaidsegments.

8.Inanelectriemotoroftheclassdescribed, an armature including units of solenoids cylindrically woimd concentric with the longitudinal axis of the motor, segment members-positioned radiallyarolmdsaidshaftwlthrespecttoeach votherscthattheyarspci'iodicaliyattractedro.

tationally and helically disposed field members in close proximity to the periphery of said segments, and a commutator in cooperative relation with said segments and said eld members.

9. In an electric motor of the class described, a plurality of spaced field members, a plurality of variously arranged segments provided with portions extending into close proximity with said field member, a plurality of solenoids in electro-magnetic connection with said field members and said segments, the Winding of said solenoids being con centric with the axis of said'motor, and a shaft for said segments including a plurality of members, each member being arcuate in cross section and said members positioned in tangential relation near their edges.

10. In an electric motor of the class described,

a plurality ci spaced eid members and a plu-` rality of variously arranged segments provided said field member, a plurality oi' solenoids in electro-magnetic connection with said field members and said segments, the winding of said solenoids being concentric with the axis of said motor, a shaft for said segments including a plurality of members, each member being arcuate in cross section and said members positioned in tangential relation near their edges, the adjacent edges of said arcuate in cross section members positioned in connection with said segments.

11. In an electric motor of the class described,

a plurality of spaced field members. a plurality of variously arranged segments provided with portions extending into close proximity with said ileld members, a plurality of solenoids in electromagnetic connection with said iield members and said segments, the winding of said solenoids being concentric with the axis of said motor, a commutator inoperative relation with said solenoids and segments including a contact brush, a condenser brush arranged to receive induced current set up when an electrical contact has been broken by said contact brush, and a condenser connected with said condenser brush and said contact brush. 12. In an electric motor of the class described, the combination of a hollow main frame provided with spaced strip elci portions, af shaft for said motor supported in the opposite end of said main frame member, solenoid coils Wound on said shaft concentrically therewith, segments adjacent said coils extending radially into close proximity to said spaced strip eld portions, a commutator in connection with said shaft and electrically ccnnected with said solenoid coils, contact brushes for said commutator, a condenser brush in connection with said commutator and a condenser connecting said contact brush and said condenser brush for transmitting induced current set up when an electrical contact is broken by action of said commutator.

- JOHN C. BRYAN. 

